Architectural plan-checking reports which are produced and archived day by day in the broad range of local offices of the Iran Construction Engineering Organization (IRCEO) throughout the country, can provide a reliable picture of the general condition of architectural design services in each office’ s territory and the whole country in general. However, there have been no proper attention given to these reports as a resource to extract indicators relating to the quality of building design services provided by the relevant architectural firms. The current research is an attempt to fill this gap through which a method is suggested to analyze and interpret the planchecking reports. To this purpose, as a case study, the method is applied to the plan-checking reports produced in the Rasht office of the IRCEO during March 2017 to December 2017. Meanwhile, 1821 files have undergone the plan checking process among which 954 ones (52%) were rejected by the architectural control officials in their first checking of the documents. Among these rejected files as the total population 419 ones were selected as the sample according to the Cochran formula. In order to achieve an analysis of the content of the reports, the control officials’ rejection comments on each project were categorized into four main categories including comments related to in-complete application file, improper drafting properties, inner incompatibility of the project plans, and non-conformance to technical requirements which were subdivided into sub-categories in turn.

Sarpol-e Zahab-Ezgeleh earthquake (MW 7. 3) occurred in Iran and Iraq border region on November 12, 2017 at 21: 48 local time. This earthquake is the most devastating event in Iran after the 2003 Bam earthquake (MW 6. 6) in terms of damages. According to findings arising from the visit to the earthquake affected area between November 25 and 30, 2017, heavy structural and non-structural damages were occurred in all types of RC buildings, including structures built in national Iranian mass housing project, called Mehr housing scheme. In many cases, new structures, experienced severe damages or collapse during the earthquake, even in regions with lowrecorded PGAlike Sharafabad town in Eslamabad-eGharb city. Post-earthquake studies showed that damages in RC structures were mostly due to the poor construction quality including low concrete strength and nonseismic detailing as well as false structural design and local site effects. According to Iran construction laws, the "Iran Construction Engineering Organization" (IRCEO) is the prime responsible for the effective supervision in structural design and construction process in urban areas. Considerable number of damaged buildings that are constructed in recent years, is probably because of the lack of enough supervision by IRCEO and other responsible organizations. In this paper, observed damages to RC structures were examined and explained in detail.

The purpose of this research is to investigate and classify the relationships between the factors that influence the value engineering use in the Iranian construction industry. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated and verified by a team of Iranian construction industry experts. In this research, in addition to value engineering, project risk management requirements and the nature (nature) of the project were used in the conceptual model that improved the performance of value engineering workshops. Interpretive structural modeling method was used to classify the component relationships. Based on the interpretive structural model, the components of expert advice from value engineering team members, "savings rate", "return on investment", "value engineering team leader's satisfaction with the value engineering results" were at the highest level. The purpose of this research is to investigate and classify the relationships between the factors that influence the value engineering use in the Iranian construction industry. Value engineering is a systematic way of achieving project goals. This process is done by evaluating the objectives of the project and how to achieve them. Value engineering strives to improve design while reducing costs and time, increasing the value of the products in question, with the goal of maximizing efficiency and effectiveness in construction and construction projects. So all of these factors will result in us controlling our costs as much as possible.

Value engineering (VE) studies often face pressure caused by limited time and resources. The identification of key factors for Value engineering success enables appropriate allocation of the limited time and resources in order to achieve better output. Most of the related past work only identified critical success factors for Value engineering studies in general. This paper seeks to distinguish these factors according to their degrees of importance in relation to success. A questionnaire survey was conducted to gather views from experts with experience in Value engineering practice. The findings of the survey reveal the relative importance of the nominated success factors. Two factors that had not been highlighted by previous research are identified as having a significant influence on the success of VE studies. In order to explore the underlying factors among the identified critical success factors (CSFs), factor analysis was adopted to investigate the cluster of the relationship. The results indicate that the success of VE studies requires a combined effort from all parties involved.

Tissue engineering is a rapidly growing research field, potentially capable of de novo tissue and organ construction. This approach is used to improve efficiency both in the tissue and cell culture. This method is required to provide bodies in vivo three-dimensional conditions outside of the body (ex vivo). To achieve this goal, given tissue cells are cultured on the tissue engineering scaffolds. These are structures with on extracellular matrix materials on which different treatments are performed. Initially, they were only used to deliver drugs and hormones, but further investigations revealed their ability to preserve, protect and even transfer cells into the body. Now widespread employment of scaffolds for organ transplantation is in a rapid progress. To improve the organ transplantation materials and structures similar to the target tissues areused. Applying scaffolds for cell reproduction is an ongoing research aimed to increase the efficiency of three-dimensional culture. This goal necessitates the simulation of bodies internal environment which is provided by simultaneous culture of target cells with stromal cells. Present review is a comprehensive study of available information in connection with main aspects of scaffolding. It primarily includes their history, materials and types, scaffolding construction methods and their applications in medicine as well as tissue engineering.

Sarpol-e Zahab-Ezgeleh earthquake (MW 7. 3) occurred in Kermanshah province of Iran near the Iraq and Iran border region on November 12, 2017 at 18: 18 UTC (21: 48 local time). The epicenter was located about 5 kmfromEzgeleh town with a focal depth of about 23 km. Sarpol-e Zahab-Ezgeleh earthquake is the most destructive seismic event in Iran in recent decade in terms of financial and human losses. Based on field observations, carried out by the authors between 25 and 30 November 2017, heavy non-structural and structural damages were occurred to all types of steel lateral load resisting systems, including concentrically and eccentrically braced frames and moment resisting frames. Early buckling of built-up brace members, excessive out-of-plane deformation in gusset plates, formation of plastic hinges at the column ends and lateral-torsional buckling of link beams were dominant failure modes in damaged steel buildings. Post-earthquake observations showed that damages in steel structures were mostly due to poor construction quality including lack of proper welding in connections, extent of irregularities of the structural system, false structural design, local site effects, and finally lack of enough supervision by "Iran Construction Engineering Organization" (IRCEO) and other responsible organizations. In this paper, observed damages to steel structures were examined and explaneed in detail.

The job performance of Supervising Engineers has a key role in project monitoring and controlling.The growing complexity and accelerated nature of construction projects, driven by the adoption of new technologies, have amplified the significance of job performance among supervising engineers. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model based on job characteristics, competence, and affective commitment, to quantitatively investigate the influencing factors on supervising engineers’ performance in building projects. The proposed model was analyzed with the Partial Least-Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. Questionnaires were distributed among civil engineers who are members of the Iran Construction Engineering Organization (IRCEO). The majority of respondents were male and had more than 5 years of work experience. The primary contribution of this study to the existing body of knowledge lies in the comparison of the impact of affective commitment and competence on the performance of supervising engineers. Additionally, this study has identified the moderator variables within this model. While the results indicated that competence had a greater influence on the performance of supervising engineers compared to other factors (β=0.259, p≤0.05), it is noteworthy that the impact of affective commitment (β=0.258, p≤0.01) was nearly equivalent. In addition, the moderating effects of work experience, age, marital status and family support were investigated.

The tendency of human life to engineering and technology and advanced technologies is undoubtedly taking shape. Many people tend to use useful and efficient technologies, electronic technologies and engineering structures that are evolving and advancing day by day. How good it is for different human societies to become acquainted with the technological achievements and ideas of different societies. If a suitable environment leads to the aggregation of ideas internationally, this will create scientific organization, which is very clear that this action should be The sooner it happens. Therefore, the establishment of an international headquarters or headquarters under the auspices of international organizations and forums such as the United Nations, it seems very necessary. It is good that the respected professors of universities, research institutes and institutions of higher education are taking steps in this direction. I hope that one day this happy event will happen and that the technical and engineering elite community will reach a global consensus. There are many discussions and articles about engineering and intelligence and the application of applications in life, reading such articles gives a new vision and worldview and a new perspective to great engineers.

Mathematical models for optimization are well developed in the last four decades. One of these models is the Quadratic Assignment Model in which the objective function has a quadratic form with respect to the variables. This model is often employed in combinatorial optimization, and has already been used for facility layout optimization in factories. In this paper the above model is modified in two directions. First of all it is used for facility layout optimization of civil engineering construction sites. Secondly the effect of slopes in roads for transportation is included.